In 2023, the city’ s annual average temperature was 19.4°C, 1.0°C higher than the long-term average and 0.1°C higher than 2022, ranking as the second highest in historical records and climatically assessed as significantly elevated. Annual average temperatures ranged from 19.0°C (Hengshan, Hengdong) to 19.8°C (Changning City), reflecting a pattern of higher temperatures in the south compared to the north. Compared to the long-term average, temperatures were 0.7°C higher (Hengshan, Hengdong, Hengyang urban area) to 1.4°C higher (Changning). At Nanyue Mountain Station, the average temperature was 13.2°C, 1.2°C higher than the long-term average.

The annual extreme minimum temperatures across counties (cities, districts) ranged from -4°C (Hengshan) to -1.4°C (Changning City), while Nanyue Mountain recorded an extreme minimum of -12.2°C. The annual extreme maximum temperatures in counties (cities, districts) varied from 38.2°C (Hengshan) to 39.0°C (Leiyang), with Nanyue Mountain’s extreme maximum temperature reaching 28.9°C.