Hengyang is abundant in the resources of wild animals and plants. It is known that Hengyang has more than 200 species of wildlife, including 30 species of wild animals and 17 orders, 40 families,  170 species of birds. Among them some belong to the first grade wildlife of China for protection,  namely, clouded leopard, white stork, Chinese water deer and scaly-sided merganser; some belong to the second grade of China for protection, namely, malayan pangolin, tiger frog, common otter, large Indian civet, small Indian civet, civet cats, sambar, goral, musk deer and mandarin duck. Birds of prey include grass owl, owl, brown wood owl, short-eared owl, cormorant, red-footed falcon, silver pheasant, harrier, Reeves`s Pheasant, Tragopan temminckii and giant salamander. About 30 species of wildlife are provincially protected birds, namely, heron,  Phasianus coichicus, bamboo partridge, peale, spotted-necked dove,  south China tiger,  oriental turtle dove, grey heron, bubulcus ibis,  cormorant, Chinese bamboo rat,  hoary bamboo rat, fox, martes flavigula, raccoon dog, leopard cat, snake and Puddle frogs.  

There are up to 99 families, 342 genus and 1047 species of woody plants in Henygang. Some are on the list of the first grade of China for protection, namely, ginkgo, Zamioculcas zamiifolia,Paliurus hemsleyanus,Glyptostrobus pensilis,Gleditsia japonica var. vestita ,Henry Emmenopterys; some belong to the second grade of China for protection, namely, Cephalotaxus oliveri,Zelkova serrata, Phoebe bournei,Taxus wallichiana var.chinensis, Magnolia officinalis subsp. Officinalis;some belongs to the third grade of China for protection,  namely, Keteleeria davidiana var.calcarea,Keteleeria pubescens, Magnolia officinalis subsp.biloba, Aidia canthioides, Pteroceltis tatarinowii,Tapiscia sinensis var.sinensis, Cyclocarya paliurus, Torreya grandis Fort,Chrysophyllum lanceolatum (Bl.) A. DC. var. stellatocarpon P.Royen,Michelia alba DC.,sweet oak, Reevesia pubescens.The local excellent fast-growing species include 20 families and 120 species, including fir,  Pinus massoniana Lamb,  sweet  oak, Castanopsis fargesii, oak, Cyclobalanopsis glauca(Thunb.) Oerst, Liquidambar formosana Hance, Quercus, Schima superba Gardn et Champ and Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. The alien species mainly contain pinus elliottii, Pinus taeda L., Pinus tabuliformis, Pinus taiwanensis Hayata, PinusarmandiiFranch, Metasequoia glyptostroboides,Taxodiumascendens.Brongn,Betula luminifera, Alnus cremastogyne Burk. and Populus euramevicana cv.`I-214`. The native excellent economic species include Phyllostachys pubescens,  Camellia oleifera Abel, Castanea mollissima, Citrus maxima, Furong plum, Chinese date and ginkgo.