Hengyang County，is situated in the northwest of Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 10 kilometers away from downtown, along the middle reaches of the Xiangjiang River. Named for its location south of Mount Heng (Nanyue), the county borders Nanyue District and Hengshan County to the east, Zhengxiang District, Shigu District, and Hengnan County to the south, Qidong County and Shaodong County (Shaoyang City) to the west, and Shuangfeng County (Loudi City) to the north. Spanning 74 kilometers east-west and 55 kilometers north-south, the county is traversed by the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway and the Huaihua-Shaoyang-Hengyang Railway.

Covering a total area of 2,558 square kilometers, Hengyang County has jurisdiction over 25 townships, 443 villages, and 48 communities. It has a registered population of 1.1954 million and a permanent resident population of 862,500. The urban built-up area spans 15.6 square kilometers, with a greening rate of 36%.

Location and Territory

Hengyang County，is situated in the northwest of Hengyang City, Hunan Province, along the middle reaches of the Xiangjiang River.Named for its location south of Mount Heng (Nanyue), the county borders Nanyue District and Hengshan County to the east, Zhengxiang District, Shigu District, and Hengnan County to the south, Qidong County and Shaodong County (Shaoyang City) to the west, and Shuangfeng County to the north.It is 74 kilometers east-west and 55 kilometers north-south,

Terrian

Hengyang County lies in the transitional zone between the uplifted Wuling Mountains and the subsiding Dongting Lake Basin, forming the northern edge of the Hengyang Basin. The basin’s center features Tertiary red rock strata approximately 3,000 meters thick. Surrounding the central red basin are dome-shaped geological formations, creating diverse structural landscapes to the east, north, and west.

Hydrology

Hengnan County is traversed by the Xiangjiang River and its tributaries, including the Zhengshui River. The Xiangjiang River, also called Xiangshui, is a major tributary of the south bank of middle Yangtze River. It originates from Longmenjie in Haiyangping, Lingui County, Guangxi, with its main source at the Haijiang River. It converges with the Guanjiang and Luojiang Rivers near Quanzhou, then flows northward into Hunan Province, traversing 17 counties and cities. At Haokou in Xiangyin County, the river splits into eastern and western branches, which reconverge at Lulintan before emptying into Dongting Lake. With main stream spaning 856 kilometers at total length and basin area of 94,600 square kilometers, the Xiangjiang receives over 1,300 tributaries along its course, including major ones such as the Xiaoshui, Chonglingshui, Leishui, Mishui, Zhengshui, and Lianshui Rivers.

Climate

Hengyang features a subtropical monsoon climate characterized by warm, humid conditions with mild winters and cool summers. Annual precipitation averages 1,452 millimeters, with an average temperature of 17.9°C—4.6°C in January and 30.3°C in July.

Natural Resources

Hengyang County has verified 40 mineral types, accounting for 23.39% of China’s 171 mineral categories, 28.37% of Hunan Province’s 141 categories, and 60.6% of Hengyang City’s 66 categories. Among these, 9 mineral types have proved reserves, representing 5.66% of the nation’s 159 mineral types with verified reserves, 8.91% of the province’s 101 types, and 17.65% of the city’s 51 types. Six minerals are listed in the provincial mineral resource reserves register, with three ranking among the top 10 in reserves within Hunan. The county also hosts 3 large-scale deposits, 6 medium-scale deposits, and 24 small-scale deposits.

Hengyang County, renowned as the "Land of Fish and Rice," boasts abundant natural resources and global prominence in mineral wealth. It holds dual honors as the "Home of Non-Ferrous Metals" and "Home of Non-Metallic Minerals". It also serves as a vital commercial grain production base in southern China and a key hub for agricultural products such as livestock and related byproducts.